Uganda recorded 10,492 defilement cases in 2025, reflecting a 14.8% decrease from the 12,312 cases reported in 2024, according to the Annual Crime Report released by the Uganda Police Force.

Despite the decline, defilement remains one of the most reported crimes in the country, raising ongoing concerns about child protection and access to justice.

Key findings from the 2025 report

The report highlights several alarming trends, particularly involving perpetrators known to victims; 94 children were defiled by teachers, 65 were defiled by their guardians, and 191 children were defiled by suspects known to be HIV positive.

These figures point to serious risks within homes, schools, and communities where children are expected to be safe.

Defilement cases in Uganda 2025 breakdown

Out of the 10,492 cases reported; 7,019 were classified as simple defilement, and 3,473 were aggravated defilement.

Aggravated cases typically involve violence, coercion, or particularly vulnerable victims, making them more severe under the law.

Court cases, arrests, and convictions

Of all reported cases; 4,886 cases were taken to court, 713 resulted in convictions, 27 resulted in acquittals, 355 cases were dismissed, 3,791 cases remain pending in court, 1,932 cases were not proceeded with, and 3,674 cases are still under inquiry.

A total of 4,999 suspects were arrested and charged to Court; 740 were convicted, 27 were acquitted, 332 were discharged, and 3,900 suspects are currently undergoing trial.

The large number of pending cases highlights delays in the justice process.

What the decline in cases means

While the 14.8% drop in reported cases may indicate progress, experts often warn that declines in crime statistics can sometimes reflect underreporting rather than an actual reduction in incidents.

Defilement remains widespread and continues to affect thousands of children across the country each year.

Concerns about justice and child protection

The gap between reported defilement cases and convictions reflects the challenges and time involved in investigations and court processes. Many cases remain pending, and the rate of convictions is relatively low compared to the total number of reported incidents. Experts note that continued focus on enforcement, timely case handling, and public awareness remains important to ensure children are protected and justice is delivered efficiently.